Gravitational and Electromagnetic Field of an Isolated Positively Charged Particle
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
54-60
Received:
24 October 2020
Accepted:
20 November 2020
Published:
27 November 2020
Abstract: A particle which is positively charged with spherically symmetry and non-rotating in empty space is taken to find out a metric or line element. The particle is under the influence of both gravitational and electro-magnetic field and the time component of this metric is depend on the combine effect of these two fields. Therefore in this work especial attention is given in Einstein gravitational and Maxwell’s electro-magnetic field equations. Einstein field equations are individually considered for gravitational and electro-magnetic fields in empty space for an isolated charged particle and combined them like two classical waves. To solve this new metric initially Schwarzschild like solution is used. There after a simple elegant and systematic method is used to determine the value of space coefficient and time coefficient of the metric. Finally to solve the metric the e-m field tensor is used from Maxwell’s electro-magnetic field equations. Thus in the metric the values of space and time coefficient is found a new one. The space and time coefficient in the new metric is not same in the metric as devised by Reissner and Nordstrom, The new space and time coefficient gives such an information about the massive body that at particular mass of a body can stop electro-magnetic interaction. Thus the new metric able to gives us some new information and conclusions.
Abstract: A particle which is positively charged with spherically symmetry and non-rotating in empty space is taken to find out a metric or line element. The particle is under the influence of both gravitational and electro-magnetic field and the time component of this metric is depend on the combine effect of these two fields. Therefore in this work especia...
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The Effect of Environmental Factors (Temperatures & Humidity) on the Solar Cell Performance / Matlab Model
Zina Abd Alameer Al Shadidi
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
61-67
Received:
7 November 2020
Accepted:
27 November 2020
Published:
4 December 2020
Abstract: This paper provides an accurate modeling method for the photovoltaic panel using Matlab software. The mathematical model discusses the effect of the environmental factors on PV panels. The model based on specifications given on the manufacturer’s plate, a previous Simulink model was developed using Matlab code, to include the effect of humidity on the solar cell performance and efficiency. In the previous work on P-V characteristics, the temperature effect is discussed adequately, without mention the humidity side effects. In this paper, the effect of humidity on the fill factor and efficiency of solar cells is discussed. The conclusions come with many side effects of the humidity on the solar cell, which is the sediments trapped by water molecules, and energy loss due to the reflections of light from the condensed water surface. In addition to the heat carried by moister. The effect of this kind of heat has been studied through calculating the enthalpy of the moist air, and feel like temperature). According to this model and in Silicon solar cell, the lost energy due to reflection was equal to (Gave=842.0175 w/m2) on average. Due to this loss, solar cell current and voltage will be different. All these effects lead to a decrease in the fill factor and the efficiency of the solar cell, because of a reduction in the absorbing energy.
Abstract: This paper provides an accurate modeling method for the photovoltaic panel using Matlab software. The mathematical model discusses the effect of the environmental factors on PV panels. The model based on specifications given on the manufacturer’s plate, a previous Simulink model was developed using Matlab code, to include the effect of humidity on ...
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